Fourier Intelligence GR-2

The Fourier GR-2 is a bipedal humanoid from Shanghai-based Fourier and the successor to the GR-1. It stands 175 cm tall, weighs about 63 kg and has up to 53 degrees of freedom. Fourier positions it mainly as a development platform for AI and robotics teams, with pilots in reception, manufacturing and rehabilitation.

History and launch

Fourier launched the GR-2 on 30 September 2024 as the second generation of its GRx series. The first model, GR-1, debuted in July 2023 and, according to New Atlas, was being built in volume for development partners.

Fourier says the GR-2 design draws on feedback from GR-1 customers. The main changes are new hands, stronger actuators, a larger battery and a simplified joint layout.

Design and hardware

The datasheet lists dimensions of 1750 x 552 x 275 mm and a weight of roughly 63 kg, with an aluminium alloy and engineering plastic structure. The robot has up to 53 actuators: 6 per leg, 7 per arm, 2 in the head, 1 in the waist, plus hands in a basic 6-DoF or an optional 12-DoF version.

The 12-DoF hands carry six array-type tactile sensors each, letting the robot sense force, identify object shape and material, and adjust its grip in real time. Single-arm payload is about 3 kg.

Motion comes from Fourier's own FSA 2.0 actuators with dual encoders. Fourier quotes peak torque above 380 Nm (one page of its brochure says above 436 Nm). The joints were changed from a parallel to a serial arrangement, which Fourier says makes control and maintenance simpler.

Power comes from a detachable 39.6 V battery with twice the capacity of the GR-1 pack, adding roughly an hour of operation; Fourier gives a 2-hour average runtime. Top walking speed is 5 km/h (about 1.4 m/s). Power and data cabling are routed inside the body.

Software and AI

A 14-core CPU is standard, with an optional 275 TOPS compute module. The SDK is ROS-compatible and the toolchain supports NVIDIA Isaac Lab and MuJoCo. Pre-built modules expose machine vision, path planning and force-feedback control through APIs.

Upper-body skills can be taught by direct commands, by physically guiding the limbs, or by VR teleoperation, with motion trajectories and tactile data recorded for training.

Applications and deployments

Fourier lists research and education, manufacturing, reception services, and rehabilitation and care as target areas. New Atlas described the GR-2 as a learning platform for academic and commercial programs rather than a consumer product. Fourier has not published a customer list or unit numbers for the GR-2.

Manufacturer

Fourier (formerly Fourier Intelligence) was founded in Shanghai in 2015 and built its business on rehabilitation and medical robots before entering humanoids with the GRx series in 2023. Its CEO is Alex Gu.

Price and availability

Fourier has not published a price for the GR-2. It is sold to institutions and companies on request through the company's sales team.

Timeline

• 2015 Fourier founded in Shanghai, initially focused on rehabilitation robotics
• 2023-07 GR-1 humanoid unveiled
• 2024-09 GR-2 launched with 53 DoF, 12-DoF tactile hands and FSA 2.0 actuators

Sources

1. Fourier GR-2 brochure and technical specifications, Fourier (2024-09)
2. Fourier's GR-2 humanoid robot gets a hand upgrade, New Atlas (2024-09-30)
3. China's GR-2 humanoid robot gets upgrades, Interesting Engineering (2024-10-01)

Updated: 2026-10-10

Compared with the catalogue

• At 175 cm the Fourier Intelligence GR-2 is taller than 68% of the humanoids in the catalogue (median: 170 cm).
• It has 53 degrees of freedom against a catalogue median of 28; more degrees of freedom usually means finer arm and hand movement.
• Its weight of 63 kg (catalogue median: 65 kg) matters for transport and for working around people.
• It is one of 4 Fourier Intelligence models in the catalogue and one of 128 humanoids from China.

Capabilities